If you’re anything like me you will find that exercise and music are a match made in heaven. A killer playlist or hearing one of my favourite songs can make all the difference to my motivation and performance in a workout, be it gymming, walking or swimming. I decided to get back to my academic roots and do some proper (lunch time googling) research on the topic…
My brief foray back to journal- reading quickly revealed that current research has identified multiple ways in which music can influence human performance in exercise. Due to the relatively short length of my lunch break I have chosen three to discuss in this blog: Disassociation, arousal regulation and synchronization.
1. Disassociation aka Distraction
During low and moderate intensities of exercise music helps to divert our mind from the feelings of fatigue or pain we may be processing psychologically as a result of physical exertion. Research has shown that the ‘Disassociation effect’ results in a 10% measurable reduction in perceived exertion during running on the treadmill at moderate intensities (Nethery, 2002). Although the same effect has not been measured during high intensity exercise, it has been proven to improve the experience by altering how the mind processes fatigue symptoms (Szmedra & Bacharach, 1998).
Take Home Message: During a blisteringly hard workout music will not really influence WHAT you feel i.e. exhausted, but it will help with HOW you feel i.e. inspired
2. Arousal regulation aka psyching up or down
Music can be used as either a stimulant or a relaxant due to the effects it has on our emotional and psychological state (Bishop et al., 2007). Psychological arousal is positively correlated with the rhythmical tempo of the music (Karageorghis & Lee, 2002). As a result loud, upbeat music is used to “psych up”, whilst softer and slower melodies can be used to calm down feelings of anxiety or help us to reach a meditative state. Secondly, the lyrical component of music and the associations we make with a song can have a huge effect on us emotionally.
Take Home Message: It is better to listen to LOUD and FAST paced songs for high energy exercise and SOFT and SLOW music for lower energy exercise.
3. Synchronisation aka keeping in time.
The synchronization of music with repetitive exercise such as walking, running, swimming or cycling has been proven to positively impact performance (Bacon, Myers & Karageorghis, 2008). Basically, when you concentrate on synchronising your movements with the music it can allow you to perform with greater efficiency and endurance. The tempos of a song can help you stick to a desired stride or stroke rate which is extremely important when you need to ‘pace’ yourself.
Take Home Message: Make yourself a playlist with songs of a similar tempo to the one you aim to maintain during your walk/run/swim/cycle.
So now that we have identified some concrete evidence about the relationship between music and exercise we can begin to make our song choices more thoughtfully. What are your favourite workout songs? Which songs do you choose for running versus a weights session?
Here is my list of my current ‘Top 10 exercise songs’ in no particular order…
- ‘Canned Heat’ by Jamiroquai
I still love this song as much as I love the movie Centre Stage- often blasting on my iPod on my walk home from work through Hagley Park.
- ‘Empire State of Mind’ by Jay Z feat. Alicia Keys
This song is so catchy and also has a great constant tempo which I enjoy swimming to (In case you are wondering- I have a waterproof MP3 player and it is the GOODS)
- ‘I Love It’ by Icona Pop
Go and listen to this song now and think about the synchronisation benefits discussed earlier- it sure sets a mean pace!
- ‘Hide and Seek’ by Imogen Heap
This is without a doubt the best song I have heard in a Body Balance class at Les Mills. Perfect mix of dreamy relaxation and amazing lyrics.
- ‘Locked Out of Heaven’ by Bruno Mars
I became obsessed with this song after watching the Glee episode where the girls totally rock it at the prom (Johanna and Juliet will know what I am on about here!)
- ‘Eye of the Tiger’ by Survivor
I know, I know this is a cliché but I challenge any haters out there not to crack a smile when you’re doing weight training with this song and the image of Rocky Balboa in a grey sweat suit in your head.
- ‘Don’t Stop Me Now’ by Queen
I wanted to marry Freddie Mercury when I was child so it was a harsh realization when my Dad broke the news that he was a) Gay and b) Dead. Heartbroken.com
- ‘Ecuador’ by Sash
This song is thrashed in group fitness classes but I think that is a testament to how motivating and addictive it is!
- ‘Lose Yourself’ by Eminem
I love it when this song comes on in one of my Body Pump classes- it’s just gritty enough to make you really want to work hard with the weights.
- ‘Everything’ by P-Money feat. Vince Harder
I don’t know what it is about this song but I just love it! It makes me want to dance and that is always a good thing.
Phew that was a mammoth post! Feel free to comment with your fave workout songs so we can all share playlist inspiration.
TGIF people and Cheers to the freaking weekend!
Chloe x
References:
Bacon, C., Myers, T., & Karageorghis, C. I. (2008). Effect of movement-music synchrony and tempo on exercise oxygen consumption. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Bishop, D. T., Karageorghis, C. I., & Loizou, G. (2007). A grounded theory of young tennis players’ use of music to manipulate emotional state. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 29, 584–607.
Karageorghis, C. I., & Lee, J. (2001). Effects of asynchronous music and imagery on an isometric endurance task. In International Society of Sport Psychology, Proceedings of the World Congress of Sport Psychology: Vol. 4 (pp. 37–39). Skiathos, Greece.
Nethery, V. M. (2002). Competition between internal and external sources of information during exercise: Influence on RPE and the impact of the exercise load. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 42, 172–178.
Priest, D. L., & Karageorghis, C. I. (2008). A qualitative investigation into the characteristics and effects of music accompanying exercise. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Szmedra, L., & Bacharach, D. W. (1998). Effect of music on perceived exertion, plasma lactate, norepinephrine and cardiovascular hemodynamics during treadmill running. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 19, 32–37.